Volume 12, Issue 2 (6-2024)                   JoMMID 2024, 12(2): 110-120 | Back to browse issues page

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AGBO O, Momoh M, Odimegwu D, Adonu C. Colistin Resistance in WHO-Designated Global Priority Pathogens Isolated from Wastewater Effluents of Two Hospitals in Enugu Metropolis, South East Nigeria. JoMMID 2024; 12 (2) :110-120
URL: http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-659-en.html
Colistin Resistance in WHO-Designated Global Priority Pathogens Isolated from Wastewater Effluents of Two Hospitals in Enugu Metropolis, South East Nigeria
Oluchi AGBO , Mumuni Momoh , Damian Odimegwu , Cyril Adonu
Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, PMB 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
Abstract:   (107 Views)
Introduction: Hospitals are breeding grounds for multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, posing treatment challenges and increasing the risk of spreading "superbugs." This study investigates the prevalence of colistin-resistant bacteria, a last-resort antibiotic, in wastewater from tertiary hospitals in Enugu, Nigeria. Methods: Twenty wastewater samples were collected over three months from two tertiary hospitals in Enugu. A standardized protocol by the American Public Health Association (APHA) was followed. Samples were collected aseptically from key drainage points and transported to the lab within 2 hours. Bacteria were isolated using the pour-plate method and characterized by morphological and biochemical tests, including Catalase, Oxidase, and Glucose Fermentation. Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion, and colistin resistance was confirmed via broth microdilution. Multiplex PCR detected mcr genes indicating plasmid-mediated resistance. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 with Chi-Square and ANOVA tests at a significance level of P < 0.05. Results: Gram-negative bacteria were isolated from 63.1% of samples, with Klebsiella spp. being the most prevalent, accounting for 24.6%. Colistin resistance was phenotypically observed in E. coli (83%), Klebsiella spp. (75%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (100%). Genotypically, E. coli harbored mcr-1 (17%) and mcr-3 (83%), while all Klebsiella and Pseudomonas isolates carried multiple mcr genes. Additionally, these bacteria showed resistance to multiple antibiotics, including Septrin, Gentamycin, and Ceftriaxone. Conclusion: The significant presence of colistin-resistant bacteria, especially E. coli and Klebsiella, poses a public health concern, potentially leading to treatment failures and spreading resistance genes. Stricter monitoring of hospital wastewater is necessary to identify emerging resistance trends and improve antibiotic practices in hospitals.
Keywords: Colistin resistance, Antibiotic resistance, Enterobacteriaceae, Hospital wastewater, mcr-1 gene, mcr-2 gene, mcr-3 gene, Multidrug resistance, Nigeria
Full-Text [PDF 1202 kb]   (35 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Original article | Subject: Anti-microbial agents, resistance and treatment protocols
Received: 2024/04/6 | Accepted: 2024/09/20 | Published: 2024/09/18
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Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.