Volume 9, Issue 4 (12-2021)                   JoMMID 2021, 9(4): 178-184 | Back to browse issues page

XML Print

Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Saad Shamsi S, A. Elzen A, M. Ahmad K. Burkholderia cepacia Complex, an Emerging Nosocomial Pathogen at Health Care Facilities in Sebha, Libya. JoMMID 2021; 9 (4) :178-184
URL: http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-360-en.html
Burkholderia cepacia Complex, an Emerging Nosocomial Pathogen at Health Care Facilities in Sebha, Libya
Shamsi Saad Shamsi , Abdelkader A. Elzen , Khadija M. Ahmad
Department of Plant Science, Microbiology Program, Research laboratory, Faculty of Science, Sebha University
Abstract:   (1372 Views)
Introduction: Burkholderia cepacie complex (Bcc) is an emerging multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria frequently isolated from health care facilities worldwide. The present study investigated the prevalence of Bcc in health care settings in Sebha, Libya. Methods: Two hundred swabs were initially collected. Forty-seven nosocomial Bcc isolates were identified from three medical care facilities, i.e., 40 (20%) from Sebha Medical Center, five from the Sebha Infertility Treatment Center, and two from Althanweya Clinic. The isolates were identified using a combination of biochemical tests and USP chapter <60> Microbiological Examination of Non-Sterile Products Tests for Burkholderia Cepacia Complex guidelines. A UPGMA dendrogram was used to examine the biochemical relationship of isolates. Some of the putative virulence factors contributing to the pathogenicity of the isolates were also explored. Results:  Of the 47 isolates, 29.79% were B. cepcia, 23.40% B. cenocepcia, 12.77% B. thailandensis, 8.51% B. vietnamiensis,  6.38% B. ambifaria, B. pyrrocinia, and B. stabilis each,  4.26% B. anthina, and 2.13% B. arboris. A variation in virulence factors was observed among isolates; all (100%) isolates produced siderophore, 91% had capsules, 91% produced lipase, 89% formed a biofilm, and 49% produced alkaline protease. The UPGMA dendrogram revealed that Bcc species shared substantial phenotypical identity among themselves. Conclusion: In developing countries with limited resources, diagnostic challenges in identifying Bcc species can be resolved using selective media and USP chapter <60> guidelines.
Keywords: Bcc species, Pathogenic bacteria, Virulence factors, Nosocomial infections
Full-Text [PDF 4719 kb]   (765 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Original article | Subject: Epidemiologic studies including microbial genotyping, phenotyping and serotyping
Received: 2021/05/22 | Accepted: 2021/12/10 | Published: 2021/12/28
References
1. Mahenthiralingam E, Vandamme P. Taxonomy and pathogenesis of the Burkholderia cepacia complex. Chron Respir Dis. 2005; 2 (4): 209-17. [DOI:10.1191/1479972305cd053ra]
2. Mali S, Dash L, Gautam V, Shastri J, Kumar S. An outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia complex in the paediatric unit of a tertiary care hospital. Indian J Med Microbiol. 2017; 35 (2): 216-20. [DOI:10.4103/ijmm.IJMM_16_258]
3. Meyer J M, Hohnadel D, Hallé F. Cepabactin from Pseudomonas cepacia, a new type of siderophore. J Gen Microbiol. 1989; 135 (6): 1479-87. [DOI:10.1099/00221287-135-6-1479]
4. Georgina Meza-Radilla, Ausel Mendez-Canarios, Juan Xicohtencatl-Cortes, Marcos R Escobedo-Guerra, Alfredo G Torres, J Antonio Ibarra, et al. Misidentification of Burkholderia pseudomallei and Other Burkholderia Species from Pediatric Infections in Mexico. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2019; 18; 6 (2): ofz008. [DOI:10.1093/ofid/ofz008]
5. Henry D A, Mahenthiralingam E, Vandamme P, Coenye T, Speert D P. Phenotypic methods for determining genomovar status of the Burkholderia cepacia complex. J Clin Microbiol. 2001; 39 (3): 1073-8. [DOI:10.1128/JCM.39.3.1073-1078.2001]
6. McMenamin J D, Zaccone T M, Coenye T, Vandamme P, LiPuma J J. Misidentification of Burkholderia cepacia in US cystic fibrosis treatment centers: An analysis of 1,051 recent sputum isolates. Chest. 2000; 117 (6): 1661-5. [DOI:10.1378/chest.117.6.1661]
7. Pharmacopeial Forum Legacy PDFs | USP-NF. https://www.uspnf.com/pharmacopeial-forum/pf-legacy-pdfs-archive-28-44 (accessed Sep. 08, 2021).
8. Henry D A, Campbell M E, LiPuma J J, Speert D P. Identification of Burkholderia cepacia isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis and use of a simple new selective medium. J Clin Microbiol. 1997; 35 (3): 614-9. [DOI:10.1128/jcm.35.3.614-619.1997]
9. Cappuccino J G, Welsh C. Microbiology, A Laboratory Manual. 2017.
10. Cowan S T, Steel K J. Diagnostic tables for the common medical bacteria. J Hyg, 1961; 59 (3): 357-72. [DOI:10.1017/S0022172400039024]
11. Cowan and Steel's Manual for the Identification of Medical Bacteria. 1993. doi: 10.1017/cbo9780511527104. [DOI:10.1017/CBO9780511527104]
12. Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 10th Edition. 2011. doi: 10.1128/9781555816728. [DOI:10.1128/9781555816728]
13. Leboffe M, Pierce B. Microbiology: Laboratory Theory and Application, Essentials‌. 2019‌, Accessed: Sep. 08, 2021. [Online]. Available at: https://www.google.com/books?hl=ar&lr=&id=8ZOFDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Microbiology:+Laboratory+Theory+and+Application,+Essentials&ots=n3ST9U6voP&sig=pDLsZ7WIbmi1t7hmjJyHr_SVx0w
14. Bergey's Manual® of Systematic Bacteriology. 2010. doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-68572-4. [DOI:10.1007/978-0-387-68572-4]
15. G. W. Procop et al., Koneman's Color Atlas & Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology. 2017. doi: 10.1111/flan.12130. [DOI:10.1111/flan.12130]
16. O Hammer-Muntz, DAT Harper, PD Ryan. PAST: paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis version 2.09. Palaeontol Electron. 2001; 4 (1): 1-9.
17. Häfliger E, Atkinson A, Marschall J. Systematic review of healthcare-associated Burkholderia cepacia complex outbreaks: presentation, causes and outbreak control. Infect Prev Pract. 2020; 2 (3): 100082. [DOI:10.1016/j.infpip.2020.100082]
18. Lee J K F. Two outbreaks of Burkholderia cepacia nosocomial infection in a neonatal intensive care unit. J Paediatr Child Health. 2008; 44 (1-2): 62-6.
19. Mann T, Ben-David D, Zlotkin A, Shachar D, Keller N, Toren A, et al. An outbreak of Burkholderia cenocepacia bacteremia in immunocompromised oncology patients. Infection. 2010; 38 (3): 187-94. [DOI:10.1007/s15010-010-0017-0]
20. Dolan A A, Dowell E, LiPuma J J, Valdez S, Chan K, James J F. An Outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia Complex Associated with Intrinsically Contaminated Nasal Spray. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2011; 32 (8): 804-10. [DOI:10.1086/660876]
21. Jorge H Leitão, Sílvia A Sousa, Ana S Ferreira, Christian G Ramos, Inês N Silva, Leonilde M Moreira. Pathogenicity, virulence factors, and strategies to fight against Burkholderia cepacia complex pathogens and related species. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2010; 87 (1): 31-40. [DOI:10.1007/s00253-010-2528-0]
22. Ahmad K M. Co-expression of Extended Spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC β-lactamase among Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates in sebha medical center Antibiotic resistance View project Breast cancer in southern Libya View project. [Online]. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331629641.
23. Angadi K, Misra R, Gupta U, Jadhav S, Sardar M. Study of the role of mobile phones in the transmission of Hospital acquired infections. Med J DY Patil Vidyapeeth. 2014; 7 (4): 435-8. [DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.135256]
24. Ahmad K M, Alamen A A M, Shamsi S A M S, Elzen A A. Emergence of AmpC β-Lactamase-and Metallo-β-Lactamase-producing. Med J Islamic World Acad Sci. 2019; 27 (1): 9-16. [DOI:10.5505/ias.2019.93798]
25. Srinivasan S, Arora N C, Sahai K. Report on the newly emerging nosocomial Burkholderia cepacia in a tertiary hospital. Med J Armed Forces India. 2016; 72 (Suppl 1): S50-S53. [DOI:10.1016/j.mjafi.2016.03.003]
26. Dizbay M, Tunccan O G, Sezer B E, Aktas F, Arman D. Nosocomial Burkholderia cepacia infections in a Turkish university hospital: A five-year surveillance. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2009; 3 (4): 273-7. [DOI:10.3855/jidc.124]
27. Graindorge A, Menard A, Neto M, Bouvet C, Miollan R, Gaillard S, et al. Epidemiology and molecular characterization of a clone of Burkholderia cenocepacia responsible for nosocomial pulmonary tract infections in a French intensive care unit. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010; 66 (1): 29-40. [DOI:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2009.06.008]
28. Francis A, Aiyar S, Yean C Y, Naing L, Ravichandran M. An improved selective and differential medium for the isolation of Burkholderia pseudomallei from clinical specimens. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2006; 55 (2): 95-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2005.11.008]
29. J J Degrossi, M A López De Volder, V Pioli, N Breglia, S Teves. Comparación de medios de cultivo selectivos para el aislamiento de especies del Taxón K perteneciente al complejo Burkholderia cepacia. Ars Pharm. 2019; 60 (2). [DOI:10.30827/ars.v60i2.8312]
30. Sawasdidoln C, Taweechaisupapong S, Sermswan R W, Tattawasart U, Tungpradabkul S, Wongratanacheewin S. Growing Burkholderia pseudomallei in biofilm stimulating conditions significantly induces antimicrobial resistance. PLoS ONE. 2010; 5 (2): e9196. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0009196]
31. Hall-Stoodley L, Costerton J W , Stoodley P. Bacterial biofilms: From the natural environment to infectious diseases. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2004; 2 (2): 95-108. [DOI:10.1038/nrmicro821]
32. Butt A T, Thomas M S. Iron Acquisition Mechanisms and Their Role in the Virulence of Burkholderia Species. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2017; 6; 7: 460. [DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2017.00460]
Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA
Send email to the article author

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.