Volume 11, Issue 4 (12-2023)                   JoMMID 2023, 11(4): 213-221 | Back to browse issues page

XML Print

Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Umar R, Dhilawala R, Mohd Jamali R, Qaisar R, Ahmad Saqr D, Adel Mahmood Alfaraji R. Factors Driving the Knowledge of Tuberculosis in Pakistani Men: Evidence from a Nationally Representative Survey. JoMMID 2023; 11 (4) :213-221
URL: http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-559-en.html
Factors Driving the Knowledge of Tuberculosis in Pakistani Men: Evidence from a Nationally Representative Survey
Ridha Umar * , Rashida Dhilawala , Rehab Mohd Jamali , Rizwan Qaisar , Dana Ahmad Saqr , Rawan Adel Mahmood Alfaraji
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
Abstract:   (1240 Views)
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a significant infectious disease worldwide. The prevalence of TB in Pakistan remains high. A thorough assessment of the population's knowledge about the disease could aid in reducing its transmission. Our objective was to identify demographic and socioeconomic variables that may impact the understanding of TB among Pakistani men (n=3691) and to analyze its influence. Methods: We utilized secondary data from the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (DHS), collected between November 2017 and April 2018. We examined participants' knowledge about tuberculosis (TB) through various questions about its characteristics, transmission, curability, and duration. Other factors such as residence, education, internet access, and media preferences were also assessed. A knowledge index ranging from 0 to 9 was developed for each participant in which correct responses were scored as "1," while incorrect ones were scored as "0”. The data were analyzed using both one-way ANOVA and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: Most participants were aged 15 to 34 (48.2%) and had completed secondary school (35.8%). 94.3% of participants reported being aware of TB, with higher education showing the highest level of awareness (98.7%). Greater knowledge of TB was associated with reading newspapers or magazines once a week or less (mean score 7.22 ± 1.14, CI: 7.15-7.29, and 7.31 ± 1.11, CI: 7.23-7.40, respectively), watching television once a week or less (mean score 7.22 ± 1.13, CI: 7.00-7.25, and 7.15 ± 1.06, CI: 7.05-7.23, respectively), owning a mobile phone (mean score 7.15 ± 1.1, CI: 7.08-7.19), and having a bank account (mean score 7.33 ± 1.14, CI: 7.28-7.39) (all P<0.01). Conclusion: There was a significant association between a higher level of TB knowledge and higher educational status, access to print media or television, mobile phone ownership, and having a bank account. Despite the high knowledge among participants, several practical implications should be addressed to combat the disease effectively. These practical implications include a high prevalence of TB, limited access to healthcare, socioeconomic factors, and the emergence of drug-resistant TB strains. In the context of future research on the same topic, we suggest conducting comparative studies among different nations to discern the variances in TB knowledge across the globe.
Keywords: Tuberculosis, Knowledge, Attitude, Pakistan, Pakistani men
Full-Text [PDF 910 kb]   (440 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Original article | Subject: Infectious diseases and public health
Received: 2023/05/31 | Accepted: 2023/12/10 | Published: 2024/02/24
References
1. Tuberculosis. 2021 [cited 2022; Key facts]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tuberculosis.
2. Gilani SI, Khurram M. Perception of tuberculosis in Pakistan: findings of a nation-wide survey. J Pak Med Assoc. 2012; 62 (2): 116-20.
3. Khan JA, Irfan M, Zaki A, Beg M, Hussain SF, Rzvi N. Knowledge, attitude and misconceptions regarding tuberculosis in Pakistani patients. J Pak Med Assoc. 2006; 56 (5): 211-4.
4. Khan A, Shaikh BT, Baig MA. Knowledge, Awareness, and Health-Seeking Behaviour regarding Tuberculosis in a Rural District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Biomed Res Int. 2020; 2020: 1850541. [DOI:10.1155/2020/1850541] [PMID] []
5. Qadeer E, Fatima R, Yaqoob A, Tahseen S, Ul Hag M, Ghafoor A, et al. Population Based National Tuberculosis Prevalence Survey among Adults (>15 Years) in Pakistan, 2010-2011. PLoS One. 2016; 11 (2): e0148293. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0148293] [PMID] []
6. Pradipta IS, Idrus LR, Probandari A, Lestari BW, Diantini A, Alffenaar JC, et al. Barriers and strategies to successful tuberculosis treatment in a high-burden tuberculosis setting: a qualitative study from the patient's perspective. BMC Public Health. 2021; 21 (1): 1903. [DOI:10.1186/s12889-021-12005-y] [PMID] []
7. Dixit K, Biermann O, Rai B, Aryal TP, Mishra G, de Siqueira-Filha NT, et al. Barriers and facilitators to accessing tuberculosis care in Nepal: a qualitative study to inform the design of a socioeconomic support intervention. BMJ Open. 2021; 11 (10): e049900. [DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049900] [PMID] []
8. Marahatta SB, Yadav RK, Giri D, Lama S, Rijal KR, Mishra SR, et al. Barriers in the access, diagnosis and treatment completion for tuberculosis patients in central and western Nepal: A qualitative study among patients, community members and health care workers. PLoS One. 2020; 15 (1): e0227293. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0227293] [PMID] []
9. Khan AH. Tuberculosis control in Sindh, Pakistan: Critical analysis of its implementation. J Infect Public Health. 2017; 10 (1): 1-7. [DOI:10.1016/j.jiph.2016.02.007] [PMID]
10. Musuka G, Teveredzi V, Mutenherwa F, Chingombe I, Mapingure M. Tuberculosis knowledge, misconceptions/myths in adults: findings from Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia and Zambia Demographic Health Surveys (2013-2016). BMC Res Notes. 2018. 11 (1): 778. [DOI:10.1186/s13104-018-3884-6] [PMID] []
11. Nyasulu P, Sikwese S, Chirwa T, Makanjee C, Mmanga M, Babalola JO, et al. Knowledge, beliefs, and perceptions of tuberculosis among community members in Ntcheu district, Malawi. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2018; 11: 375-89. [DOI:10.2147/JMDH.S156949] [PMID] []
12. Wieland ML, Weis JA, Yawn BP, Sullivan SM, Millington KL, Smith SM, et al. Perceptions of tuberculosis among immigrants and refugees at an adult education center: a community-based participatory research approach. J Immigr Minor Health. 2012; 14 (1): 14-22. [DOI:10.1007/s10903-010-9391-z] [PMID] []
13. Mondal MN, Nazrul HM, Chowdhury MRJ, Howard J. Socio-demographic factors affecting knowledge level of Tuberculosis patients in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh. Afr Health Sci. 2014; 14 (4): 855-65. [DOI:10.4314/ahs.v14i4.13] [PMID] []
14. Chizimba R, Christofides N, Chirwa T, Singini I, Ozumba C, Sikwese S, et al. The association between multiple sources of information and risk perceptions of tuberculosis, Ntcheu district, Malawi. PLoS One. 2015; 10 (4): e0122998. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0122998] [PMID] []
15. Mushtaq MU, Majrooh MA, Ahmad W, Rizwan M, Luqman MQ, Aslam MJ, et al. Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding tuberculosis in two districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2010; 14 (3): 303-10.
16. Wang Y, Gan Y, Zhang J, Mei J, Feng J, Lu Z, et al. Correction to: Analysis of the current status and associated factors of tuberculosis knowledge, attitudes, and practices among elderly people in Shenzhen: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2021; 21 (1): 1513. [DOI:10.1186/s12889-021-11524-y] [PMID] []
17. National Institute of Population Studies - NIPS/Pakistan and ICF, Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2017-18. 2019, NIPS/Pakistan and ICF: Islamabad, Pakistan.
18. World Medical A. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA. 2013; 310 (20): 2191-4. [DOI:10.1001/jama.2013.281053] [PMID]
19. Agho KE, Hall J, Ewald B. Determinants of the knowledge of and attitude towards tuberculosis in Nigeria. J Health Popul Nutr. 2014; 32 (3): 520-38.
20. Mishra SR, Adhikari S, Khanal V. Role of mass media on knowledge generation and countering misconceptions about tuberculosis transmission in Nepal. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2014; 4: S610-S5. [DOI:10.12980/APJTB.4.2014APJTB-2014-0110]
21. Bashorun AO, Linda C. Knowledge, attitude and practice towards tuberculosis in Gambia: a nation-wide cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health, 2020. 20 (1): 1566. [DOI:10.1186/s12889-020-09685-3] [PMID] []
22. Junaid SA, Kanma-Okafor OJ, Olufunlayo TF, Odugbemi BA, Ozoh O. Tuberculosis stigma: Assessing tuberculosis knowledge, attitude and preventive practices in surulere, Lagos, Nigeria. Ann Afr Med. 2021. 20 (3): 84-192.
Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA
Send email to the article author

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.