en Infectious diseases and public health Infectious diseases and public health Review article Review article <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">During the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a resurgence of mucormycosis, a rare and opportunistic fungal infection, with India reporting a particularly notable increase in incidence. Mucormycosis is a life-threatening condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent high mortality rates and severe sequelae. It is caused by the inhalation of spores from ubiquitous filamentous fungi belonging to the order Mucorales. Individuals with compromised immune systems or underlying conditions, such as diabetes, ketoacidosis, and neutropenia, are particularly vulnerable to infection. The risk and severity of mucormycosis are exacerbated by several factors, including corticosteroid therapy, prolonged intensive care stay, and the use of ventilators. Additionally, contaminated oxygen humidifiers pose a significant risk. Effective management of mucormycosis in critically ill COVID-19 patients relies on early diagnosis, optimization of predisposing factors, timely antifungal treatment, surgical debridement, and adjuvant therapies. Imaging modalities such as contrast-enhanced CT scans and MRI are crucial for guiding surgical debridement and assessing disease extent. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the clinical pathogenesis, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and challenges associated with mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients, summarizing the latest findings in this field.</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; COVID-19 infections, Mucormycetes, Organ damage, Risk factors and linkages 84 99 http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-489-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Parisa Saberi-Hasanabadi dr.parisasaberi@gmail.com 0000-0001-8775-4582 No Ph.D in Toxicology and pharmacology, Faculty of pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical sciences, sari, Iran Milad Esmaeilzadeh Farmad milad.esmailzadeh@gmail.com 0009-0004-9225-6157 No 9th Dey of Torbat Heydariyeh Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Ramin Ataee raminataee1349@gmail.com 0000-0002-6342-0382 Yes Medicinal Plants Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran