en Anti-microbial agents, resistance and treatment protocols Anti-microbial agents, resistance and treatment protocols Original article Original article <b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Introduction: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The hospital environment can significantly contribute to the spreading of bacterial isolates that pose a risk to public health. In this study, we analyzed bacteria found on hospital fomites and the hands of healthcare workers to determine the presence of resistant enzymes such as ESBLs and AmpC<b>. Methods:</b> We studied 100 samples collected from hospital fomites - including the hands of healthcare workers - for bacterial growth, which were subsequently identified using standard procedures. Standard disk methods were used to screen Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) for ESBL and AmpC production, including presumptive and confirmatory testing. <b>Results:</b> 46 (46.0%) Gram-negative bacteria were isolated from all sampling sites, including a preponderance of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>. Of the 46 GNBs, 31 (67.4%) and 27 (58.7%) were resistant to ceftazidime and ceftriaxone, respectively. The double disk synergy test (DDST) showed ESBL in 34 (73.1%) of the isolates, with the highest prevalence in <i>E. coli</i> (32.3%) and <i>P.</i> <i>aeruginosa</i> (26.5%). These isolates were primarily associated with patients&rsquo; bedding (32.4%), tablets (26.5%), and sinks (20.6%), although there was no statistical difference (<i>P</i>=0.998). Presumptive AmpC production was 100% in isolates of <i>K. pneumoniae, C. diversus, Shigella </i>spp<i>., </i>and<i> S. marcescens</i> but variable in other isolates. The combined disk test (CDT) showed that 29 (63.0%) isolates were AmpC-producing GNB, with the highest prevalence in <i>E. coli</i> (34.5%). <b>Conclusion:</b> The isolation of bacteria with these types of resistance from the surfaces of hospital fomites may negatively impact the quality of healthcare delivery. </span></span></span> Hospital, Fomites, Healthcare workers, Bacteria, Resistance, Phenotype 141 147 http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-450-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Musa Y. Tula birtyty@gmail.com 0000-0001-8666-6839 Yes Department of Biological Science Technology, Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria Osaretin Iyoha 0009-0005-1463-990X No Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, College of Medical Sciences, University of Benin, P.M.B. 1152, Benin City, Nigeria Richard Elisha No Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Technology, Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria Joel Filgona 0000-0002-1980-9577 No Department of Microbiology, Adamawa State University Mubi, Nigeria Abumhere S. Aziegbemhin 0000-0002-6995-9346 No Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, PMB 1154 Ugbowo, Benin City, Edo State Nigeria