en Original article Original article <strong>Introduction: </strong><em>Staphylococcus </em>is a genus of pathogenic bacteria, which asymptomatically colonizes the upper respiratory tract of the human. The incidence of invasive Staphylococcal infections and the disease burden are high among children in South Asia, including Pakistan. This study aims to determine the nasal colonization and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of <em>Staphylococcus </em>species isolated from preschool children in Lahore, Pakistan. <strong>Methods:</strong> A community-based study was conducted in two camps named Shah Di Khui and Jeevan Haana in Lahore city. A total of 100 nasal samples, were collected from preschool children from lower-middle-class families during January to March 2018. Species identification was performed using the coagulase test, catalase test, and Gram staining. Also, a 370 bp fragment of the <em>tuf</em> gene was targetted using specific primers for the genus <em>Staphylococcus</em>. Antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates was defined by an antibiotic susceptibility test using a series of antibiotic discs. <strong>Results:</strong> The results of this study indicated the presence of <em>Staphylococcus</em> species, mainl<em>y Staphylococcus aureus </em>in more than 85% of the children. PCR amplification of <em>tuf</em> gene confirmed the identity of the <em>S. aureus</em> isolates from the nasal cultures. Many showed resistance resistant to more than two broad-spectrum antibiotics. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of nasal colonization of <em>S. aureus </em>was more than 85% among preschool children. Most of the isolates were resistant to &beta;-lactam antibiotics. Staphylococcus, Drug resistance, Invasive burden, MRSA 91 98 http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-170-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Amtul jamil Sami amtuljamilsami@yahoo.com 0000-0002-5151-6598 Yes Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan Madeeha Khalid madeeha.kh@gmail.com 0000-0002-2587-3444 No Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan Shajia jabeen 2amtuljamilsami@gmail.com 0000-0002--5293-138X No Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan Sharqa Khalil director.eurl@pu.edu.pk 0000-0002-9166-021X No Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan Ghazala Sajjad amtuljamilsami@live.com 0000-0003-3036-9805 No Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan Rabia Arooj madeeha510@hotmail.com 0000-0001-7598-302X No Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan