en
jalali
1392
8
1
gregorian
2013
11
1
1
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online
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fulltext
en
Detection of DNA Gyrase Mutation and Multidrug Efflux Pumps Hyperactivity in Ciprofloxacin Resistant Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Target modification and reduced drug accumulation are the main resistance mechanisms against fluoroquinolone antibiotics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We performed a genotypic characterization of three major Mex multidrug efflux pumps (MexAB-OprM, MexXY-OprM and MexCD-OprJ) in ciprofloxacin resistant clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa, collected from Tehran, Iran this was followed by sequencing and analyzing the type II topoisomerases encoding gyrA, gyrB, parC , and parE genes. Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and semi-quantitative RT-PCR methods were used to analyse the transcription of efflux pumps. Topoisomerase mutation analysis was carried out through PCR amplification and sequencing of the quinolone resistance determining region (QRDR) of the topoisomerases encoding genes. Some 11.1% of the strains actively expressed MexCD-OprJ and 15.5% hyperexpressed MexXY-OprM efflux pumps. No overexpression was detected for MexAB-OprM, whereas 4.4% of strains showed simultaneous expression of MexCD-OprJ and MexXY-OprM. In the sequencing results, a single point mutation in the QRDR of gyrA was detected in all tested strains, where Isoleucine was substituted by Threonine at position 83. No mutations were detected in QRDR of gyrB, parC and parE genes. We are the first to report the genotypic analysis of ciprofloxacin mediated efflux pump resistance from Iran. These findings emphasize the clinical significance of multidrug efflux pumps and topoisomerases mutations activity in conferring resistance to fluoroquinolone antibiotics, and support the use of genotypic methods for analysis of resistance elements in P. aeruginosa in developing countries such as Iran.
Ciprofloxacin, Multidrug efflux pumps, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Topoisomerase
1
7
http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-25-6&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2013/05/31
1392/3/10
2013/07/3
1392/4/12
Abolghasem
Tohidpour
Department of Medical Bacteriology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600511
003194753284600511
No
Shahin
Najar Peerayeh
Department of Medical Bacteriology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600512
003194753284600512
Yes
Sarah
Najafi
Pharmaceutical Incubator Centers, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600513
003194753284600513
No
en
Differentiation of Brucella-Induced Epididymo-orchitis from Nonspecific Epididymo-orchitis in an Endemic Area for Brucellosis
Distinction between brucellar epididymo-orchitis (BEO) and nonspecific epididymo-orchitis (EO) is an important medical issue. This study was conducted to compare demographic, clinical and laboratory features, treatment and outcome of patients with BEO and nonspecific EO in Arak city, Markazi Province, Iran. We compared the clinical and laboratory characteristics of 40 BEO and 40 non-specific EO patients. The diagnosis of brucellosis was based on the symptoms, compatible clinical findings and standard tube agglutination test. Epididymo-orchitis was diagnosed by swelling and tenderness of scrotal skin, testis and epididymis, which was confirmed by sonography. BEO can be distinguished from nonspecific EO based on having a history of living in rural areas, contact with domestic animals, and consumption of unpasteurized dairy products. Other criteria include seasonal pattern, gradual onset (P<0.05), sweating (P<0.001), arthralgia (P=0.02), associated lower urinary tract symptoms (P=0.004) and lower rate of leukocytosis and abnormal urine analysis (P=0.002). Our results showed that brucellosis should be considered as a cause of EO in endemic areas like Iran. Combination antibiotic therapy to manage BEO is usually effective and all patients in this study responded quite satisfactory to the treatment.
Brucellar epididymo-orchitis, Nonspecific epididymo-orchitis, Iran
8
13
http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-25-7&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2013/05/312013/05/29
1392/3/8
2013/07/32013/09/3
1392/6/12
Masoomeh
Sofian
Tuberculosis and Pediatric Infectious Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
003194753284600514
003194753284600514
No
Arezoo
Aghakhani
Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600515
003194753284600515
No
Mohammad
Banifazl
Iranian Society for Support of Patients with Infectious Disease, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600516
003194753284600516
No
Ali
Eslamifar
Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600517
003194753284600517
No
Fatemeh
Zolfaghari
Tuberculosis and Pediatric Infectious Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
003194753284600518
003194753284600518
No
Hossein
Sarmadian
Tuberculosis and Pediatric Infectious Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
003194753284600519
003194753284600519
No
Amitis
Ramezani
Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600520
003194753284600520
Yes
en
Western Blot Analysis of Sera from Leishmania major-Infected BALB/c and C57BL/6 Mice
In Leishmania (L.) major-infected BALB/c mice Th2-type cells results in disease progression, whereas C57BL/6-infected mice mount a Th1-type response, which leads to control of the infection. Th2 response correlates with IgG1 whereas, Th1 response supports switching to IgG2a subclasses. Since IgG isotype-dominated response depends on different CD4 + T cell subsets, we studied the antigenic profile of L. major promastigotes that induce IgG1, IgG2a and IgG2b isotypes in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice to provide insight into Th1 and Th2 inducing antigens. Humoral immune responses were studied in sera from L. major-infected BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice by ELISA and immunoblot analysis. These techniques were used to detect IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b antibodies against crude promastigote antigens. BALB/c mice showed higher IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a antibody levels compared to C57BL/6 mice (p<0.01). The IgG2a/IgG1 ratio was higher in C57BL/6 mice. There was no significant difference in IgG2b level between susceptible (BALB/c) and resistant (C57BL/6) mice. Western blot analysis revealed that 27, 32, 117, 125 and 153 kDa bands reacted only with IgG1 from both mice strains. The 41, 45, 47, 52 and 55 kDa bands reacted only with IgG2a from C57BL/6. A very similar pattern of immunostaining was observed for IgG2a and IgG2b in each mouse strain. The results from both mouse strains indicate that some antigens react exclusively with IgG1, the antibody, which may be involved in generation of a predominant Th2 response. The antigens that reacted strongly with IgG2a in C57BL/6 are potential candidates for eliciting protective Th1 response.
Leishmania major, Promastigote, Western blot analysis
14
21
http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-25-8&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2013/05/312013/05/292013/06/1
1392/3/11
2013/07/32013/09/32013/07/16
1392/4/25
Sedighe
Ebrahimpoor
Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Pasteur Ave., Tehran, Iran
003194753284600521
003194753284600521
No
Saeed Reza
Pakzad
Vaccine Potency and Standardization Section, Food and Drugs Control Laboratory Research Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600522
003194753284600522
No
Farideh
Mohasel Hamedani
Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Pasteur Ave., Tehran, Iran
003194753284600523
003194753284600523
No
Soheila
Ajdary
Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Pasteur Ave., Tehran, Iran
003194753284600524
003194753284600524
Yes
en
Candida Species Isolated from Various Clinical Samples and Their Susceptibility Patterns to Antifungals
Candida is an asexual, diploid, dimorphic fungus that is present on human body and his environment. Nowadays the number of patients, who are immunocompromised, aged, receiving prolonged antibacterial and aggressive cancer chemotherapy or undergoing invasive surgical procedures and organ transplantation, is on increase, and therefore candidiasis emerged itself as an alarming opportunistic disease. The aim of this study is to identify the most common Candida species in clinical samples, and their antifungal susceptibility patterns. During a cross-sectional study performed in the Department of Microbiology and Serology, Narayana Hrudayalaya Hospitals (India) from January to December 2012, some 213 fungal isolates from various samples were collected. All the isolates were identified to the species level, using Vitek 2 YST identification card (bioMerieux, France). Antifungal sensitivity was performed against amphotericin B (AMB), 5 flucytosine (5-FC), fluconazole (FLU) and voriconazole (VOR) using ASTYS06 (bioMerieux, France). The majority of the isolates were from urine (48%) followed by respiratory (17%) and blood samples (16%). The most common species among the 213 isolates were Candida tropicalis (56%) followed by Candida albicans (33%). Non-albicans Candida species are emerging as the major pathogens and mainly seen in patients on prolonged ventilation and central lines. Antifungal agents should be used cautiously due to increased resistance seen in these agents.
Candidiasis, Antifungals, Clinical samples, Susceptibility patterns
22
26
http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-25-9&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2013/05/312013/05/292013/06/12013/06/2
1392/3/12
2013/07/32013/09/32013/07/162013/08/5
1392/5/14
Sankarankutty
Jaya
Department of Microbiology and Serology, Narayana Hrudayalaya Hospital, Bangalore, India
003194753284600525
003194753284600525
Yes
Vipparti
Harita
Department of Microbiology, Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Science, Dr. NTR University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh
003194753284600526
003194753284600526
No
en
Role of imiquimod as adjuvant for vaccination against Leishmania major infection in BALB/c mice
Various adjuvants in combination with different antigens have been utilized as a vaccine candidate against leishmaniasis. However, the search for ideal adjuvants is still pursued due to the inefficiencies of current compounds. In the present study, the effect of imiquimod, as an adjuvant, is studied with soluble Leishmania antigens (SLA) in BALB/c mice. Four groups of mice were immunized with SLA, SLA plus imiquimod, SLA plus BCG, and PBS as control. Immunized mice received a boosting dose of SLA after 15 days. All groups were challenged with Leishmania major (L. major) promastigotes 2 weeks after the booster immunization. Our results showed that strong TH1 responses were induced in groups of SLA plus imiquimod as well as SLA plus BCGafter immunization. These responses included smaller footpad thickness, lower parasite load in lymph node, and higher proliferative response of lymph node cells to SLA, higher levels of interferon ;gamma in culture supernatant of lymph node cells, and higher levels of IgG, and IgG2a in sera. The data supports the possibility of using imiquimod as a suitable adjuvant in leishmania vaccination.
Imiquimod, Leishmania major, BCG, Adjuvant, Vaccination
27
35
http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-25-10&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2013/05/312013/05/292013/06/12013/06/22013/06/17
1392/3/27
2013/07/32013/09/32013/07/162013/08/52013/08/20
1392/5/29
Faramarz
Dobakhti
School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
003194753284600671
003194753284600671
No
Ghader
Khalili
Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600672
003194753284600672
Yes
Hamid
Mahmoudzadeh Niknam
Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600673
003194753284600673
No
Vahid
Khaze
Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600674
003194753284600674
No
Fatemeh
Partovi
Faculty of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600675
003194753284600675
No
Taraneh
Naghibi Mahmoodabadi
School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
003194753284600676
003194753284600676
No
Shahriar
Aalinejad
Kasra Hospital, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600677
003194753284600677
No
en
Effects of Extracts and an Essential Oil from Some Medicinal Plants against Biofilm Formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Biofilm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic pathogen, can cause serious health problems, such as chronic infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. Many studies have suggested administration of new generation of antibiotics, as P. aeruginosa biofilms have developed high resistance to antimicrobial drugs. This study reports the inhibitory effect of three medicinal plant extracts and an essential oil on biofilm formation by a clinical isolate of P. aeruginosa. In this study biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa strain 214 was determined in presence of three plant extracts, Cyclamen coum, Dianthus orieltalis and Origanum majorana, and Zataria multiflora Bio essential oil. Minimum Biofilm Inhibitory Concentrations (MBICs) were determined by microdilution techniques and XTT assay. The C. coam extract and Z. multiflora Bio essential oil inhibited biofilm formation completely at concentrations<0.062 mg/ml and 4 µl/ml, respectively. The D. orientalis and O. majorana extracts did not inhibit biofilm formation at the used concentrations (0.003 – 8 mg/ml). The results of this study indicate that some plant extracts at low concentrations may provide a complementary medication for biofilm-associated infections. Further evaluations are required to validate the antibiofilm effect of these medicinal plants.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Biofilm, Plant extract, Drug resistance
36
40
http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-25-11&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2013/05/312013/05/292013/06/12013/06/22013/06/172013/06/25
1392/4/4
2013/07/32013/09/32013/07/162013/08/52013/08/202013/09/28
1392/7/6
Maryam
Varposhti
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600534
003194753284600534
No
Ahya
Abdi Ali
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600535
003194753284600535
Yes
Parisa
Mohammadi
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600536
003194753284600536
No
Azra
Saboora
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600537
003194753284600537
No
en
Detection of Ethambutol-Resistant Associated Mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from Iran Using Multiplex Allele-Specific PCR
Tuberculosis is a serious global public health problem and its high prevalence is stron gly associated with the enhancement of drug resistance. In this study we demonstrate a multiplex allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (MAS)-PCR assay to simultaneously detect mutations in the first and third bases of the embB gene codon 306 ATG in ethambutol (EMB) resistant isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A total of 5029 patients were sampled between 2010 and 2012. All the specimens were examined microscopically for acid-fast bacilli and cultured in Löwenstein-Jensen medium. The susceptibility tests were performed for culture positive samples and the EMB resistant M. tuberculosis isolates were subjected to MAS-PCR targeting embB gene in the codon 306 ATG. Frothy eight of 176 isolates were EMB-resistant. None of the isolates showed mutation in the first base of the codon 306 ATG, but mutation in third base of the codon 306 ATG was detected in 14 isolates. We observed a correlation between culture-based phenotypic drug susceptibility and MAS-PCR method. The absence of mutation in resistant isolates can be attributed to possible involvement of other codon position at the same gene or other genes.
M .tuberculosis, Ethambutol, Drug resistant, Multiple Allele Specific PCR
41
45
http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-25-12&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2013/05/312013/05/292013/06/12013/06/22013/06/172013/06/252013/07/7
1392/4/16
2013/07/32013/09/32013/07/162013/08/52013/08/202013/09/282013/10/21
1392/7/29
Somayeh
Bahrami
Department of Microbiology, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600538
003194753284600538
No
Ahmad Reza
Bahrmand
Department of Mycobacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600539
003194753284600539
No
Elham
Safarpour
Department of Mycobacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600540
003194753284600540
No
Morteza
Masoumi
Department of Mycobacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600541
003194753284600541
No
Mahnaz
Saifi
Department of Mycobacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600542
003194753284600542
Yes
en
Association Between Metallo-β-lactamases and Integrons with Multi-Drug Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is among the most important pathogens in the nosocomial infections. A genetic mobile element, the integron, is one of the major agents involved in dissemination of multi-drug resistance among gram negative bacteria. During a descriptive study from October 2009 to August 2010, some 130 P. aeruginosa clinical isolates were collected from different wards of three hospitals in Tehran. The Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 4 antibiotics conventionally used in clinical settings against the isolates was determined by E-test method. Also, the existence of integron classes and metallo-β-lactamases (blaVIM-1, blaIMP-1, and blaVIM-2) were investigated by PCR assay. Out of 130 isolates, 74 (56.9%) carried class 1 integron. None of the isolates harbored integrons class 2 and 3. Also, the blaVIM-1 gene was detected in 10 (13.3%) high level ceftazidime and imipenem- resistant isolates that carried class 1 integrons. The blaIMP-1 and blaVIM-2 genes were not detected in any isolates. In the present study, the antibiotic resistance rates in class 1 integron-positive isolates of P. aeruginosa were significantly higher than those lacking this integron , e.g., 82.6% resistance versus 17.3% sensitivity to ceftazidime. Also, 13.3% of ceftazidime and imipenem resistant isolates was metallo-β-lactamase producer. This indicates that all metallo-β-lactamase genes are correlated with class 1 integrons. These results imply that the blaVIM-1 gene has been presumably dispersed into P. aeruginosa isolates with the help of class 1 integron element.
β-lactam, Integron, Antibiotic resistance, Metallo-β-lactamase, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
46
51
http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-25-13&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2013/05/312013/05/292013/06/12013/06/22013/06/172013/06/252013/07/72013/08/30
1392/6/8
2013/07/32013/09/32013/07/162013/08/52013/08/202013/09/282013/10/212013/11/12
1392/8/21
Somayeh
Azami
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600543
003194753284600543
No
Ahya
Abdi Ali
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600544
003194753284600544
Yes
Ezzat
Asgarani
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
003194753284600545
003194753284600545
No