eng
Pasteur Institute of Iran
Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
2345-5349
2345-5330
2019-10
7
4
89
92
article
A Shot at Dendritic Cell-Based Vaccine Strategy against HIV-1
Mona Sadat Larijani
mona.sadat@gmail.com
1
Seyed Mehdi Sadat
mehdi_sadat@pasteur.ac.ir
2
Azam Bolhassani
azam.bolhassani@yahoo.com
3
Amitis Ramezani
amitisramezani@hotmail.com
4
Hepatitis, AIDS and Blood borne diseases Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Hepatitis, AIDS and Blood borne diseases Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Hepatitis, AIDS and Blood borne diseases Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Clinical Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Introduction: Despite considerable efforts to control AIDS pandemic, it is still one of the significant infectious concerns worldwide. The advance in medical research has led to the development of highly active antiretroviral therapy with a considerable effect to suppress the disease. However, an effective vaccine capable of eradication the HIV pandemic is not available yet. Failure to develop a prophylactic vaccine diverted the efforts to clinical trials of therapeutic vaccines. Methods: Here, we review different approaches to dendritic cell-based HIV therapeutic vaccines. We have summarized the dendritic cell-based trials as HIV therapeutic vaccination, registered in the United States clinical trial database. Results and Conclusion: The strategies applied in the clinical trials were mostly of low success rates; however, by using dendritic cell therapy, they could trigger the host immune response against HIV-1 infections.
http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-212-en.pdf
Antiretroviral Therapy
Dendritic Cells
HIV-1
eng
Pasteur Institute of Iran
Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
2345-5349
2345-5330
2019-10
7
4
93
106
article
Structure Evaluation of IroN for Designing a Vaccine against Escherichia Coli, an In Silico Approach
Fateme Sefid
sefid.fateme@yahoo.com
1
Roghayyeh Baghban
baghbanroghayyeh@yahoo.com
2
Zahra Payandeh
zpayandeh58@yahoo.com
3
Bahman Khalesi
4
Mohammad Mahmoudi Gomari
5
Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran
Department of Biology, Science and Art University, Yazd, Iran
Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Department of Research and Production of Poultry Viral Vaccine, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extention Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedical, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
Introduction: Some strains of Escherichia Coli, including intestinal pathogenic strains, commensal strains, and extra intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) have a significant impact on human health status. A standard vaccine designed based on conserved epitopes can stimulate a protective immune response against these pathogens. Additionally, enhanced expression at the infection site as a pathogenesis factor in disease is crucial for an ideal vaccine candidate. The IroN protein plays a role in severe infections of E. coli. Hence, this protein will assist in developing the novel and more efficient treatments for E. coli related infections. A better understanding of protein tertiary structure can help to percept their functions and also their interactions with other molecules. There is a growing interest in using bioinformatics tool to make accurate predictions about the functional, immunological, and biochemical features of target antigens. Method: Herein, we aimed to predict the structure of the IroN protein upon its folding and determine their immunological properties. Results: In the present study, using bioinformatics analyses, we identified the highly antigenic regions of IroN protein. Our designed vaccine candidate had the highest immunological properties and folded into a typical beta-barrel structure. Conclusion: The approach of assigning structural and immunological properties of the target antigen to design the vaccine candidate could be deployed as an efficient strategy to circumvent the challenges ahead of empirical methods without dealing with ethical concerns of animal usage and human participants. Although the obtained results are promising, further experimental studies could bring about more insights on the efficiency of the designed vaccine.
http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-172-en.pdf
Urinary Tract Infections
Vaccine
Iron Receptor
Bioinformatics
OMP
eng
Pasteur Institute of Iran
Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
2345-5349
2345-5330
2019-10
7
4
107
115
article
In vitro Delivery of HIV-1 Nef Antigen by Histidine-rich nona-arginine and Latarcin 1 peptide
Fatemeh Namazi
1
Azam Bolhassani
azam.bolhassani@yahoo.com
2
Seyed Mehdi Sadat
3
Shiva Irani
4
Department of Biology, School of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Biology, School of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Introduction: The Nef accessory protein is an attractive antigenic candidate in the development of HIV-1 DNA- or protein-based vaccines. The most crucial disadvantage of DNA and protein-based vaccines is their low immunogenicity, which can be improved by cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) as effective carrier molecules. Methods: In this study, the HIV-1 Nef protein was generated in the Escherichia coli expression system for in vitro delivery using a novel CPP, Latarcin 1 peptide, in a non-covalent manner. Also, the Histidine-rich nona-arginine peptide was utilized to transfer the HIV-1 Nef gene. The size, morphology, and zeta potential of the complexes were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Zetasizer. The efficiency of cell transfection was studied using a fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry for the DNA/CPP complexes and western blot analysis for the protein/CPP complexes. Results: The Nef protein generated in the BL21 strain migrated as a dominant band of ~30 kDa in SDS-PAGE. The SEM data confirmed the formation of stable complexes with a size below 200 nm. MTT assay demonstrated that the complexes did not represent any considerable cytotoxic effect compared to untreated HEK-293T cells. The results of fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and western blotting revealed that the Nef DNA and protein constructs could be significantly transfected into HEK-293T cell line using these CPPs. Conclusion: These data suggest that the Histidine-rich nona-arginine peptide and Latarcin 1 peptide as CPPs can be considered as a promising approach in the development of the HIV-1 vaccine for gene or protein delivery.
http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-210-en.pdf
Therapeutic vaccine
HIV-1 Nef
Cell-penetrating peptides
Transfection
eng
Pasteur Institute of Iran
Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
2345-5349
2345-5330
2019-10
7
4
116
119
article
Comparison of Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) and Agglutination Assays in Diagnosis of Brucellosis in Golestan Province, North of Iran
Behnaz Khodabakhshi
khodabakhshi@goumac.ir
1
Abdollah Abbasi
dr.abbasi.ab@gmail.com
2
Mobina Torabi Rostami
mina.torabi@gmail.com
3
Hamid Reza Joshaghani
joshaghani@goums.ac.ir
4
Gholamreza Roshandel
roshandel@gums.ac.ir
5
Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Department of Infectious Diseases, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran
Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Department of Medical Laboratory . Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran
Golestan Research Centre of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Introduction: Brucellosis is one of the most common zoonotic infections worldwide. The clinical symptoms of brucellosis are similar to a wide range of diseases; hence, reliable diagnostic and laboratory methods are required to identify the causative agent. Iran is an endemic region of brucellosis, and many patients are misdiagnosed due to the nature of the infection. In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the use of the conventional Wright test and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for the diagnosis of brucellosis. Methods: Diagnosis of brucellosis was performed using serological tests and PCR amplification of a gene encoding 31-kDa immunogenic Brucella abortus protein (BCSP31). Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results: Brucellosis was diagnosed in 45 (69.23%) and 22 (38.8%) patients using the Wright test and qRT-PCR, respectively. The results of Wright and qRT-PCR assays were consistent in patients with negative results (90%). Moreover, qRT-PCR detected brucellosis in 25% of patients with Wright test titers <1/160, while 55.2% of the patients were positive with titers ≥1/160. No significant association was detected between positive PCR results and age, gender, and clinical symptoms. Conclusion: qRT-PCR showed a reliable diagnostic method capable of detecting the infection in suspected individuals with negative Wright results or with Wright test titers <1/160. Also, the positive qRT-PCR assays were in agreement with the Wright test titer. Regarding the financial and availability issues as well as technical problems, the agglutination test remains the preferred method in Iran.
http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-179-en.pdf
Brucellosis
qPCR
Serological tests
Humans
eng
Pasteur Institute of Iran
Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
2345-5349
2345-5330
2019-10
7
4
120
126
article
Evaluation of Quinolone Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolates Recovered from Urine and Feces of Patients with Acute or Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection
Hossein Norouzian
norozihossin@yahoo.com
1
Nader Shahrokhi
nader.shahrokhi@gmail.com
2
Shahram Sabeti
sabeti_shahram@yahoo.com
3
Saeid Bouzari
saeidbouzari@yahoo.com
4
Mohammad Pooya
mpooyamd@gmail.com
5
Molecular Biology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Molecular Biology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Pathology Ward, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Molecular Biology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Molecular Biology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Introduction: Antibiotic resistance, especially in Gram-negative uropathogens such as Escherichia coli, is the main barrier to treat urinary tract infection (UTI). In recent years, the dramatically increased resistance of E. coli to quinolones, a group of widely used antibiotics, has become a significant concern. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, we collected 261 E. coli isolates from the urine and stool samples of patients, referred to or hospitalized at Loghman hospital in Tehran, Iran, with either acute or recurrent UTI. The susceptibility testing for quinolones was performed by the disk diffusion method according to the recent protocols. Results: The frequency of resistant E. coli isolates was higher against nalidixic acid than ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin (67.8% vs. 48.7% and 44.1% respectively). When comparing acute and recurrent phases of UTI, in the urine samples, no significant difference was seen in the frequency of resistant isolates against nalidixic acid and norfloxacin, while this frequency against ciprofloxacin was significantly higher in recurrent UTI (68% vs. 48.2%). However, in the stool samples, the frequency of resistant isolates against nalidixic acid was higher in recurrent UTI (77.1% vs. 55.7%), while no significant difference was seen against ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin in these phases. Conclusion: Regarding the antibiotic type and frequency of the administration, the resistance pattern of E. coli to quinolones seems to differ in acute and recurrent phases of UTI.
http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-216-en.pdf
Urinary Tract Infection
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli
Antimicrobial Susceptibility
Quinolones
Acute Disease
eng
Pasteur Institute of Iran
Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
2345-5349
2345-5330
2019-10
7
4
127
131
article
Detection of Mutations of Antimutator Gene pfpI in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Species Isolated from Burn Patients in Tehran, Iran
Maryam Khalili-Samani
maryamkhalili1983@hotmail.com
1
Mahmood Barati
mahmood.barati@gmail.com
2
Navid Mirmohammadsadegh
3
Mohsen Amin
m-amin@tums.ac.ir
4
Ali Samadikuchaksaraei
ali.samadi@iums.ac.ir
5
Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of pharmaceutical biotechnology, school of pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences
Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen of clinical importance, particularly in immunocompromised and burn patients. This bacterium is becoming resistant to many antibiotics via intrinsic or acquired mechanisms. Mutations in anti-mutator genes, such as pfpI, can be a potential intrinsic mechanism of antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the possible effects of mutations of this gene on coding proteins of multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa isolates. Methods: The antibiotic resistance pattern of 50 P. aeruginosa isolates against 9 anti-pseudomonas antibiotics was determined by the disk diffusion method. PCR, followed by sequencing, detected the mutations in the pfpI gene. The retrieved sequences were translated to the corresponding amino acid sequences using an online protein database. The amino acid sequences in mutated isolates were compared with the reference sequence using a multiple alignment method. Results: Out of 50 isolates, 43 (86%) were resistant to all antibiotics. Sequencing and multiple alignment analyses showed that amino acids in positions 21, 24, and 57 of pfpI gene were changed in resistant isolates, and all these mutations were observed in each isolate. Homology modeling showed that these amino acids were part of a cleft on the protease. The other point mutations resulted in amino acid changes were in positions 67, 83, and 165. Conclusion: The data obtained in this study showed that the pfpI gene of P. aeruginosa might have a significant effect on response to antibiotics. Further epidemiologic and comprehensive studies are required to confirm these findings.
http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-166-en.pdf
Burns
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Drug Resistance
Amino Acid Sequence
Point Mutation
eng
Pasteur Institute of Iran
Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
2345-5349
2345-5330
2019-10
7
4
132
137
article
Bioactivity Determination of Recombinant lysostaphin Immobilized on Glass Surfaces Modified by Cold Atmospheric Plasma on Staphylococcus aureus
Gelareh Ehsani
g.ehsani88@gmail.com
1
Foad Fahmide
foadfahmide@outlook.com
2
Dariush Norouzian
dnsa@pasteur.ac.ir
3
Seyed Mohammad Atyabi
mohammadatyabi@yahoo.com
4
Parastoo Ehsani
p_ehsani@yahoo.com
5
Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Pilot Nanobiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Pilot Nanobiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is a source of nosocomial infections and one of the significant concerns in patients with indwelling devices. Lysostaphin is a bacterially produced endopeptidase with a unique activity on S. aureus. Plasma, the fourth state of the material, consists of charged ions, free electrons, and activated neutral species. Biomedical applications of cold plasma are rapidly growing due to its capacity to treat heat-sensitive objects such as polymeric materials and biological samples. It activates surfaces by etching them to stabilize proteins. The direct effect of cold atmospheric plasma on the eradication of microorganisms have been investigated. However, there is no report on immobilizing antibiotic agents. Methods: In this study, the lysostaphin protein was expressed and purified using Ni-NTA column, then the purified enzyme was immobilized on glass surfaces pretreated with cold atmospheric plasma for 150 s, 200 s, and 300 s. The antimicrobial activity of immobilized lysostaphin on S. aureus was approved by in vitro analysis. Results: The 300 s plasma treatment confirmed to be the best time arrangement for more lysostaphin immobilization, shown by Atomic Force Microscopy. Conclusion: Our results showed that passive adsorption to the treated surface does not affect the structure and subsequent antimicrobial function of the recombinant protein compared to the standard proteins.
http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-225-en.pdf
Recombinant Proteins
Lysostaphin
Cold Atmospheric Plasma