Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
JoMMID
Medical Sciences
http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir
1
admin
2345-5349
2345-5330
8
10.61186/JoMMID
14
8888
13
en
jalali
1399
4
1
gregorian
2020
7
1
8
3
online
1
fulltext
en
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Pulmonary Fungal Pathogens among Symptomatic Patients with or without Tuberculosis at Gombe, Nigeria
Infectious diseases and public health
Infectious diseases and public health
Original article
Original article
<strong>Introduction</strong>: Pulmonary fungal infections are a significant etiology of morbidity among immunocompromised and immunosuppressed patients. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of fungal pathogens and associated risk factors among pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and non-PTB patients attending Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, Nigeria. <strong>Methods</strong>: Three consecutive early morning sputum samples were collected from 43 PTB patients and 173 non-PTB persons and then examined for fungal pathogens using standard mycological stains, microscopy, and biochemical assays. All the participants were screened for HIV by the World Health Organization HIV testing algorithm and <em>M. tuberculosis</em> infection using GeneXpert ® nested PCR equipment. Samples with at least two significant fungal growths were considered positive. <strong>Results</strong>: Out of 216 sputa, 73.6% showed fungal growth in cultures. One hundred percent and 67% of PTB and non-PTB participants had positive sputa culture, respectively. In PTB patients, <em>Candida albicans</em> (25.6%) and <em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em> (20.9%), and in non-PTB individuals <em>A. fumigatus</em> (51.7%) and <em>A. nigar</em> (17.2%) were the most prevalent species. Age and residential areas were significantly associated with fungal infection in PTB and non-PTB subjects (<em>p</em>˂0.05). Cigarette smoking, prolonged antibiotic use, and having domestic pets were significant risk factors for developing pulmonary fungal infections in both groups (<em>p</em>˂0.05). None of the studied risk factors was significantly associated with pulmonary mycosis among TB patients (<em>p</em>˃0.05). However, prolonged use of antibiotics was a significant risk factor of pulmonary fungal infection among non-TB patients (<em>p=</em>0.009). <strong>Conclusion</strong>: Our study showed that PTB was a predisposing factor for fungal infection, especially among individuals with low socioeconomic status.
Pulmonary Symptoms, Risk factors, Fungal Infection, Mycosis, Tuberculosis coinfection
76
83
http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-38-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1
Fatima
Muhammad Sani
10031947532846004518
10031947532846004518
No
Department of Biological Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria
Idris Nasir
Abdullahi
inabdullahi@abu.edu.ng
10031947532846004519
10031947532846004519
Yes
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Olawale
Sunday Animasaun
10031947532846004520
10031947532846004520
No
Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja, Nigeria
Peter
Elisha Ghamba
10031947532846004521
10031947532846004521
No
WHO National Polio Laboratory, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria
Abubakar
Umar Anka
10031947532846004522
10031947532846004522
No
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Matthew
Oluwafemi Salami
10031947532846004523
10031947532846004523
No
Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal School of Medical Laboratory Science, Jos, Nigeria
Amos
Dangana
10031947532846004524
10031947532846004524
No
Department of Medical Laboratory Services, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja Nigeria
Dele
Ohinoyi Amadu
10031947532846004525
10031947532846004525
No
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
Ahaneku
Iherue Osuji
10031947532846004526
10031947532846004526
No
Department of Medical Laboratory Services, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja Nigeria