Showing 3 results for Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli
Marziye Taheri, Moein Saleh, Amir Hesam Nemati, Mehdi Ariana, Esfandiar Shojaei, Masoud Mardani, Mohammad Katouli, Mohammad Pooya,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (7-2016)
Abstract
Introduction: Almost 80% of nosocomial urinary tract infections (UTIs) are due to catheterization. Catheter-associated UTI (CAUTI) is the primary source for colonization of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, and uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the most common causative bacteria. This study was conducted to determine the phylogenetic groups, and antibiotic resistance pattern as the two important features of pathogenicity of UPEC isolates collected from urinary catheters. Methods: The UPEC isolates were obtained from the urinary catheters of the patients without UTI, from two referral hospitals during 2015 to 2016. Phylogenetic grouping was performed using a multiplex PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility and extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production were tested by the disc diffusion method. Multidrug resistance was determined based on a recent guideline. The presence of some resistance genes was examined by a PCR assay. Results: Thirty-eight percent of the isolates were UPEC, all of them belonged either to B2 (62.5%) or D (37.5%) phylogenetic groups. The UPEC isolates showed a very high resistance to ciprofloxacin (80%) and the third-generation cephalosporins (72.5%). Seventy percent of the isolates were ESBL-producing, and 90% of them were multiple drug resistant (MDR). Meanwhile, the frequency of the resistance genes: ctxM, aacIV, sul1, shv, and qnrA in the isolates were 95%, 82.5%, 77.5%, 72.5%, and 45%, respectively. Conclusion: High resistance to fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins, as well as high frequency of ESBL-producing and MDR UPEC isolates, are a great concern. This phenomenon is probably the consequence of the indiscriminate use and on the counter availability of antibiotics, which should be considered in empirical therapy of CAUTIs.
Sara Malekpour Kolbadinezhad., Leila Fozouni,
Volume 6, Issue 4 (10-2018)
Abstract
Introduction: Urinary tract infection is a common nosocomial infection that has recently become difficult to treat because of the increased emergence of multi-drug resistant strains. This study aims to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration, and molecular pattern of resistance to fosfomycin in Escherichia coli isolates originated from patients hospitalized with urinary tract infection in the intensive care unit (ICU) and coronary care unit (CCU) in three hospitals of Gorgan, northeast of Iran. Methods: Urine samples were obtained from 106 patients in three hospitals of Gorgan, northeast of Iran. After isolation and identification of E. coli isolates, the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test was performed to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of isolates to fosfomycin were determined using the agar dilution method over a concentration range of 0.5-1024 μg/mL. Also, the presence of murA and glpT genes were investigated using polymerase chain reaction with specific primers. Results: Frequency of E. coli isolates was 62.3%, most of which originated from ICU patients (56.5%). The rate of susceptibility to fosfomycin was 85%. Moreover, the MIC of 80.3% of the isolates was less than or equal to 64 μg/mL. We also detected the murA and glpT genes in 77.8% and 22.2% of fosfomycin-resistant isolates, respectively. Conclusion: Our results indicated a high bactericidal activity of fosfomycin against uropathogenic E. coli isolates. In agreement with similar studies, we concluded that the presence of murA is significantly associated with the development of resistance to fosfomycin.
Hossein Norouzian, Nader Shahrokhi, Shahram Sabeti, Saeid Bouzari, Mohammad Pooya,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (10-2019)
Abstract
Introduction: Antibiotic resistance, especially in Gram-negative uropathogens such as Escherichia coli, is the main barrier to treat urinary tract infection (UTI). In recent years, the dramatically increased resistance of E. coli to quinolones, a group of widely used antibiotics, has become a significant concern. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, we collected 261 E. coli isolates from the urine and stool samples of patients, referred to or hospitalized at Loghman hospital in Tehran, Iran, with either acute or recurrent UTI. The susceptibility testing for quinolones was performed by the disk diffusion method according to the recent protocols. Results: The frequency of resistant E. coli isolates was higher against nalidixic acid than ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin (67.8% vs. 48.7% and 44.1% respectively). When comparing acute and recurrent phases of UTI, in the urine samples, no significant difference was seen in the frequency of resistant isolates against nalidixic acid and norfloxacin, while this frequency against ciprofloxacin was significantly higher in recurrent UTI (68% vs. 48.2%). However, in the stool samples, the frequency of resistant isolates against nalidixic acid was higher in recurrent UTI (77.1% vs. 55.7%), while no significant difference was seen against ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin in these phases. Conclusion: Regarding the antibiotic type and frequency of the administration, the resistance pattern of E. coli to quinolones seems to differ in acute and recurrent phases of UTI.
