Volume 13, Issue 1 (3-2025)                   JoMMID 2025, 13(1): 50-56 | Back to browse issues page

Ethics code: Study was done on bacterial Isolates obtained from clinical samples as a part of routine diagnostic

XML Print

Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Sinha M, BG S, Shivashankar P, Joseph J, Shetty S. Sporadic Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Respiratory Infections in Cancer Patients. JoMMID 2025; 13 (1) :50-56
URL: http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-534-en.html
Sporadic Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Respiratory Infections in Cancer Patients
Mahua Sinha , Sumathi BG * , Priyanka Shivashankar , Junia Joseph , Sahana Shetty
Department of Microbiology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, India
Abstract:   (14 Views)
Introduction: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a bacterium that increasingly causes respiratory and bloodstream infections, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems, such as cancer patients. This study investigates a series of S. maltophilia respiratory infections among cancer patients at a large hospital, aiming to describe the clinical and microbiological characteristics of these cases. Methods: We investigated cancer patients presenting with respiratory symptoms between February 1st and February 28th, 2023 in ten of whom S. maltophilia isolates were recovered from clinical specimens through microbiological culture. Identification was initially based on colony morphology, oxidase reaction, glucose fermentation, motility, and other biochemical tests, followed by confirmation using the Vitek® 2 system (BioMérieux). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Results: Ten adult cancer patients (6 females, 4 males) developed S. maltophilia pneumonia between February 1st and February 28th, 2023. Eight patients had hematological malignancies, and two had solid tumors. All patients' infections were susceptible to treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and all patients recovered fully following treatment. Conclusion: We identified a cluster of S. maltophilia respiratory infections, but it did not meet the criteria for a true outbreak due to the lack of a common source and evidence of transmission between patients. Despite reinforced infection control measures, limitations in surveillance hindered identifying the source and implementing prevention strategies. This cluster emphasizes the need for vigilance in recognizing S. maltophilia infections in cancer patients, enabling timely, susceptibility-guided antimicrobial therapy.
Keywords: Cancer patients, Immunocompromised, Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli, Respiratory infections, Sporadic, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Full-Text [PDF 782 kb]   (21 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Original article | Subject: Diagnostic/screening methods and protocols
Received: 2023/04/17 | Accepted: 2025/03/11 | Published: 2025/06/1
References
1. Brooke JS. Advances in the microbiology of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2021; 34 (3): e00030-19. [DOI:10.1128/CMR.00030-19] [PMID] [PMCID]
2. Senol E. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: the significance and role as a nosocomial pathogen. J Hosp Infec. 2004; 57 (1): 1-7. [DOI:10.1016/j.jhin.2004.01.033] [PMID]
3. Adegoke AA, Stenstrom TA, Okoh AI. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia as an Emerging Ubiquitous Pathogen: Looking beyond Contemporary Antibiotic Therapy. Front Microbiol. 2017; 8: 2276. [DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2017.02276] [PMID] [PMCID]
4. Singhal L, Kaur P, Gautam V. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: From trivial to grievous. Ind J Med Microbiol. 2017; 35 (4): 469-79. [DOI:10.4103/ijmm.IJMM_16_430] [PMID]
5. Looney WJ, Narita M, Mühlemann K. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: an emerging opportunist human pathogen. Lancet Infect Dis. 2009; 9 (5): 312-23. [DOI:10.1016/S1473-3099(09)70083-0] [PMID]
6. Mojica MF, Humphries R, Lipuma JJ, Mathers AJ, Rao GG, Shelburne SA, et al. Clinical challenges treating Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections: an update. JAC Antimicrob Resist. 2022; 4 (3): dlac040. [DOI:10.1093/jacamr/dlac040] [PMID] [PMCID]
7. Collee JG, Miles RS, Watt B. Tests for the Identification of Bacteria. In: Collee JG, Marmion BP, Fraser AG, Simmons A, editorss. Mackie and McCartney Practical Medical Microbiology. 14th ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1996. P. 131-51.
8. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, 33rd ed. CLSI Supplement M100-S33. Wayne (PA): Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2023.
9. Panda PS, Chaudhary U, Dube SK. Comparison of four different methods for detection of biofilm formation by uropathogens. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2016; 59 (2): 177-9. [DOI:10.4103/0377-4929.182013] [PMID]
10. Baumrin E, Piette E, Micheletti R. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: an emerging multidrug-resistant opportunistic pathogen in the immunocompromised host. BMJ Case Rep. 2017; 2017:bcr2017221053. [DOI:10.1136/bcr-2017-221053] [PMID] [PMCID]
11. Liu J, Xiang Y, Zhang Y. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: An Urgent Threat with Increasing Antibiotic Resistance. Curr Microbiol. 2023; 81 (1): 6. [DOI:10.1007/s00284-023-03524-5] [PMID]
12. Huang C, Kuo S, Lin L. Hemorrhagic Pneumonia Caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Medicina (Kaunas). 2024; 60 (1): 162. [DOI:10.3390/medicina60010162] [PMID] [PMCID]
13. Sarkar S, Stitzlein LM, Rav E, Garcia MB, Razvi S, Chang M, Zakhour R. Case series: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in pediatric oncology patients. Cancer Rep (Hoboken). 2024; 7 (3): e1982. [DOI:10.1002/cnr2.1982] [PMID] [PMCID]
14. Safdar A, Rolston KV. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: changing spectrum of a serious bacterial pathogen in patients with cancer. Clin Infect Dis. 2007; 45 (12): 1602-9. [DOI:10.1086/522998] [PMID]
15. Wang Y, Wang Y, Rong H, Guo Z, Xu J, Huang X. Risk factors of lower respiratory tract infection caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health. 2023; 10: 1035812 [DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2022.1035812] [PMID] [PMCID]
16. Majumdar R, Karthikeyan H, Senthilnathan V, Sugumar S. Review on Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: An emerging multidrug-resistant opportunistic pathogen. Recent Pat Biotechnol. 2022; 16 (4): 329-54. [DOI:10.2174/1872208316666220512121205] [PMID]
17. Chawla K, Vishwanath S, Gupta A. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in lower respiratory tract infections. J Clin Diagn Res. 2014; 8 (12): DC20-2. [DOI:10.7860/JCDR/2014/10780.5320] [PMID] [PMCID]
18. Erinmez M, Aşkın FN, Zer Y. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia outbreak in a university hospital: epidemiological investigation and literature review of an emerging healthcare-associated infection. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2024; 66: e46. [DOI:10.1590/s1678-9946202466046] [PMID] [PMCID]
19. Banar M, Sattari-Maraji A, Bayatinejad G, Ebrahimi E, Jabalameli L, Beigverdi R, Emaneini M, Jabalameli F. Global prevalence and antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne). 2023; 10: 1163439. [DOI:10.3389/fmed.2023.1163439] [PMID] [PMCID]
20. Gideskog M, Welander J, Melhus Å. Cluster of S. maltophilia among patients with respiratory tract infections at an intensive care unit. Infect Prev Pract. 2020; 2 (4): 100097. [DOI:10.1016/j.infpip.2020.100097] [PMID] [PMCID]
21. Cristina ML, Sartini M, Ottria G, Schinca E, Adriano G, Innocenti L, Lattuada M, Tigano S, Usiglio D, Del Puente F. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Outbreak in an ICU: Investigation of Possible Routes of Transmission and Implementation of Infection Control Measures. Pathogens. 2024; 13 (5): 369. [DOI:10.3390/pathogens13050369] [PMID] [PMCID]
22. García G, Girón JA, Yañez JA, Cedillo ML. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and its ability to form biofilms. Microbiol Res. 2023; 14 (1): 1-20. [DOI:10.3390/microbiolres14010001]
23. Bhaumik R, Aungkur NZ, Anderson GG. A guide to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia virulence capabilities, as we currently understand them. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2024; 13: 1322853. [DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2023.1322853] [PMID] [PMCID]
24. Jones RN. Microbial etiologies of hospital‑acquired bacterial pneumonia and ventilator‑associated bacterial pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis. 2010; 51 Suppl. 1: S81‑7. [DOI:10.1086/653053] [PMID]
25. Malini A, Deepa E, Gokul B, Prasad S. Nonfermenting gram‑negative bacilli infections in a tertiary care hospital in Kolar. Karnataka. J Lab Physicians. 2009; 1 (2): 62‑6. [DOI:10.4103/0974-2727.59701] [PMID] [PMCID]
26. Riley LW. Differentiating epidemic from endemic or sporadic infectious disease occurrence. Microbiol Spectr. 2019; 7 (4): 10.1128/microbiolspec.GPP3-0021-2018. [DOI:10.1128/microbiolspec.AME-0007-2019] [PMID] [PMCID]
Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA
Send email to the article author

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.