Volume 9, Issue 4 (12-2021)                   JoMMID 2021, 9(4): 191-195 | Back to browse issues page

XML Print

Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Basiri S, Khalesi B, Mousavi-Nasab S D, Ivani Z, Ghaderi M. High Frequency of Salivirus in Pediatric Patients with Acute Gastroenteritis. JoMMID 2021; 9 (4) :191-195
URL: http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-395-en.html
High Frequency of Salivirus in Pediatric Patients with Acute Gastroenteritis
Saber Basiri , Bahman Khalesi , Seyed Dawood Mousavi-Nasab , Zahra Ivani , Mostafa Ghaderi
Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
Abstract:   (1363 Views)
Introduction: Salivirus (SalV), a possible causative agent of gastroenteritis, belongs to the genus Salivirus in Picornaviridae Family. The fecal-oral path seems to be the entry route for SalV in susceptible peoples such as children that consume polluted water. We investigated the SalV occurrence in children's stool with acute gastroenteritis using a reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay (RT-qPCR). Methods: From Sep. 2018 to May 2019, 160 stool samples were collected from children with acute gastroenteritis admitted to Imam Ali General Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Iran. After viral RNA extraction, the 5'UTR region of the SalV genome was amplified by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and the viral load was defined. Results: Of the 160 stool samples, 41 (25.6%) were positive for SalV RNA. The highest SalV detection rate was in Feb. (28.2%), and the highest viral load (6.2×107 copies/g) belonged to a 1-month-old patient. Conclusion: Salivirus occurs among Iranian children with acute gastroenteritis. Our results suggest that Salivirus might contribute to acute gastroenteritis.
Keywords: Salivirus, Acute gastroenteritis, Viral load
Full-Text [PDF 961 kb]   (526 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Original article | Subject: Microbial pathogenesis
Received: 2021/09/19 | Accepted: 2021/12/10 | Published: 2021/12/28
References
1. Azhdar Z, Ghaderi M, Mousavi-Nasab SD. Optimization of RT-qPCR for detection of Aichi virus in sewage and river water samples in Karaj, Iran. Arch Iran Med. 2019; 22 (5): 242-6.
2. Aminipour M, Ghaderi M, Harzandi N. First Occurrence of Saffold Virus in Sewage and River Water Samples in Karaj, Iran. Food Environ Virol. 2020; 12 (1): 75-80. [DOI:10.1007/s12560-019-09415-y]
3. Blinkova O, Kapoor A, Victoria J, Jones M, Wolfe N, Naeem A, et al. Cardioviruses are genetically diverse and cause common enteric infections in South Asian children. J Virol. 2009; 83 (9): 4631-41. [DOI:10.1128/JVI.02085-08]
4. Chuchaona W, Khamrin P, Yodmeeklin A, Kumthip K, Saikruang W, Thongprachum A, et al. Detection and characterization of Aichi virus 1 in pediatric patients with diarrhea in Thailand. J Med Virol. 2017; 89 (2): 234-8. [DOI:10.1002/jmv.24630]
5. Stöcker A, Souza BFdCD, Ribeiro TCM, Netto EM, Araujo LO, Corrêa JI, et al. Cosavirus infection in persons with and without gastroenteritis, Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012; 18 (4): 656-9. [DOI:10.3201/eid1804.111415]
6. Okitsu S, Khamrin P, Thongprachum A, Nishimura S, Kalesaran AF, Takanashi S, et al. Detection and molecular characterization of human cosavirus in a pediatric patient with acute gastroenteritis, Japan. Infect Genet Evol. 2014; 28: 125-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.meegid.2014.09.019]
7. Holtz LR, Finkbeiner SR, Zhao G, Kirkwood CD, Girones R, Pipas JM, et al. Klassevirus 1, a previously undescribed member of the family Picornaviridae, is globally widespread. Virol J. 2009; 6 (1): 86. [DOI:10.1186/1743-422X-6-86]
8. Greninger AL, Runckel C, Chiu CY, Haggerty T, Parsonnet J, Ganem D, et al. The complete genome of klassevirus-a novel picornavirus in pediatric stool. Virol J. 2009; 6 (1): 82. [DOI:10.1186/1743-422X-6-82]
9. Li L, Victoria J, Kapoor A, Blinkova O, Wang C, Babrzadeh F, et al. A novel picornavirus associated with gastroenteritis. J Virol. 2009; 83 (22): 12002-6. [DOI:10.1128/JVI.01241-09]
10. Reuter G, Pankovics P, Boros Á. Saliviruses-the first knowledge about a newly discovered human picornavirus. Rev Med Virol. 2017; 27 (1): e1904. [DOI:10.1002/rmv.1904]
11. Tapparel C, Siegrist F, Petty TJ, Kaiser L. Picornavirus and enterovirus diversity with associated human diseases. Infect Genet Evol. 2013; 14 : 282-93. [DOI:10.1016/j.meegid.2012.10.016]
12. Ng TFF, Marine R, Wang C, Simmonds P, Kapusinszky B, Bodhidatta L, et al. High variety of known and new RNA and DNA viruses of diverse origins in untreated sewage. J Virol. 2012; 86 (22): 12161-75. [DOI:10.1128/JVI.00869-12]
13. Lasure N, Gopalkrishna V. Clinico-epidemiology and genetic diversity of Salivirus in acute gastroenteritis cases from Pune, Western India: 2007-2011. Infect Genet Evol. 2016; 44: 425-30. [DOI:10.1016/j.meegid.2016.07.047]
14. Aldabbagh S, Eckerle I, Müller A, Delwart EL, Eis-Hübinger AM. Salivirus type 1 and type 2 in patients with acute gastroenteritis, Germany. J Clin Virol. 2015; 72: 16-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.jcv.2015.08.013]
15. Boros Á, Raáb M, Károly É, Karai A, Kátai A, Bolba N, et al. A cluster of salivirus A1 (Picornaviridae) infections in newborn babies with acute gastroenteritis in a neonatal hospital unit in Hungary. Arch Virol. 2016; 161 (6): 1671-7. [DOI:10.1007/s00705-016-2824-9]
16. Yu J-m, Ao Y-y, Liu N, Li L-l, Duan Z-j. Salivirus in children and its association with childhood acute gastroenteritis: a paired case-control study. PLoS One. 2015; 10 (7): e0130977. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0130977]
17. Yip CC, Lo K-L, Que T-L, Lee RA, Chan K-H, Yuen K-Y, et al. Epidemiology of human parechovirus, Aichi virus and salivirus in fecal samples from hospitalized children with gastroenteritis in Hong Kong. Virol J. 2014; 11 (1): 1-10. [DOI:10.1186/1743-422X-11-182]
18. Kumthip K, Khamrin P, Yodmeeklin A, Maneekarn N. Salivirus infection in children with diarrhea, Thailand. Arch Virol. 2017; 162 (9): 2839-41. [DOI:10.1007/s00705-017-3435-9]
19. Haramoto E, Otagiri M. Prevalence and genetic diversity of klassevirus in wastewater in Japan. Food Envirol Virol. 2013; 5 (1): 46-51. [DOI:10.1007/s12560-012-9098-5]
20. Kitajima M, Iker BC, Rachmadi AT, Haramoto E, Gerba CP. Quantification and genetic analysis of salivirus/klassevirus in wastewater in Arizona, USA. Food Envirol Virol. 2014; 6 (3): 213-6. [DOI:10.1007/s12560-014-9148-2]
21. Adineh M, Ghaderi M, Mousavi-Nasab SD. Occurrence of salivirus in sewage and river water samples in Karaj, Iran. Food Envirol Virol. 2019; 11 (2): 193-7. [DOI:10.1007/s12560-019-09377-1]
22. Mancini P, Ferraro GB, Suffredini E, Veneri C, Iaconelli M, La Rosa G. Molecular detection of human salivirus in Italy through monitoring of urban sewages. Food Envirol Virol. 2020; 12 (1): 68-74. [DOI:10.1007/s12560-019-09409-w]
23. Han T-H, Kim C-H, Chung J-Y, Park S-H, Hwang E-S. Klassevirus infection in children, South Korea. Emerg Infect Dis. 2010; 16 (10): 1623. [DOI:10.3201/eid1610.100539]
24. Shan T, Wang C, Cui L, Yu Y, Delwart E, Zhao W, et al. Picornavirus salivirus/klassevirus in children with diarrhea, China. Food Envirol Virol. 2010; 16 (8): 1303-5. [DOI:10.3201/eid1608.100087]
25. Taghinejad M, Ghaderi M, Mousavi-Nasab SD. Aichivirus With Acute Gastroenteritis in Iran. Ped Infect Dis J. 2020; 39 (7): 576-9. [DOI:10.1097/INF.0000000000002638]
26. Nielsen ACY, Gyhrs ML, Nielsen LP, Pedersen C, Böttiger B. Gastroenteritis and the novel picornaviruses aichi virus, cosavirus, saffold virus, and salivirus in young children. J Clin Virol. 2013; 57 (3): 239-42. [DOI:10.1016/j.jcv.2013.03.015]
Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA
Send email to the article author

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.