Volume 8, Issue 4 (10-2020)
JoMMID 2020, 8(4): 166-171 |
Back to browse issues page
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
Abstract: (1403 Views)
Introduction: Successful development of free-living stages of parasitic helminths depends on larva ability to survive, develop, and hatch. In this study, we aimed to study the host role in the hatching process of Fasciola species. Methods: Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica eggs were collected from adult worms that originated from naturally infected sheep and cattle livers and were incubated at 26±1°C for 15 days. The percentage of hatched and developed eggs were obtained for each isolate under a light microscope. A polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was applied to identify the F. hepatica and F. gigantica species. Results: Our findings showed no significant differences in the development rates of F. gigantica and F. hepatica eggs in sheep (69.32% and 72.71%) and cattle (73.56% and74.69%). However, the rates of hatched eggs of F. gigantica and F. hepatica originated from cattle (69.19% and 62.36%) were almost twice the rates in sheep (31.69% and 32.59%), indicating a significant difference. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that host species significantly affect the hatching of Fasciola eggs as the hatching rates of F. gigantica and F. hepatica originated from cattle were higher than those taken from sheep did not affect their larval development. Thus, in addition to environmental factors, the hatching phenomenon is influenced by host species.
Type of Study: Original article |
Subject:
Microbial pathogenesis
Received: 2020/12/1 | Accepted: 2020/10/19 | Published: 2021/02/13
Received: 2020/12/1 | Accepted: 2020/10/19 | Published: 2021/02/13
References
1. Lambert K, Pathak A, Cattadori I. Does host immunity influence helminth egg hatchability in the environment? J Helminthol. 2015; 89 (4): 446-52. [DOI:10.1017/S0022149X14000273]
2. Hernandez AD, Poole A, Cattadori IM. Climate changes influence free-living stages of soil-transmitted parasites of European rabbits. Global Chang Biol. 2013; 19 (4): 1028-42. [DOI:10.1111/gcb.12106]
3. Ashad FA, Anisuzzaman M, Begum N, Dey A, Mondal MM. Factors Affecting the Development and Hatching of Eggs and the Survival of Infective Larvae of Haemonchus contortus in Laboratory Condition. Progress agric. 2013; 22 (1-2): 75-83. [DOI:10.3329/pa.v22i1-2.16469]
4. Hein WR, Pernthaner A, Piedrafita D, Meeusen EN. Immune mechanisms of resistance to gastrointestinal nematode infections in sheep. Parasite Immunol. 2010; 32 (8): 541-8. [DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.2010.01213.x]
5. Viney M, Cable J. Macro-parasite life histories. Curr Biol. 2011; 21 (18): 767-74. [DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2011.07.023]
6. Viney M, Diaz A. Phenotypic plasticity in nematodes: evolutionary and ecological significance. Worm. 2012; 1 (2): 98-106. [DOI:10.4161/worm.21086]
7. Cattadori IM, Wagner BR, Wodzinski LA, Pathak AK, Poole A, Boag B. Infections do not predict shedding in co-infections with two helminths from a natural system. Ecology. 2014; 95 (6): 1684-92. [DOI:10.1890/13-1538.1]
8. Mas-Coma S, Bargues MD. Human liver flukes: a review. Res Rev parasitol. 1997; 57: 145-218.
9. Mas-Coma S, Esteban JG, Bargues MD. Epidemiology of human fascioliasis: a review and proposed new classification. Bull World Health Organ.1999; 77 (4): 340-6.
10. Mas-Coma S, Bargues MD, Esteban JG. Human fasciolosis. In: Dalton JP. editor. Fasciolosis. 1st Ed. Wallingford; CAB International Publishing; 1999; 411-34.
11. Rowcliffe SA, Ollerenshaw CB. Observations on the bionomics of the egg of Fasciola hepatica. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1960; 54: 172-81. [DOI:10.1080/00034983.1960.11685973]
12. Yakhchali M, Bahramnejad k. Inhibition effect of pH on the hatchability of Fasciola miracidia under laboratory conditions. Iran J Parasitol. 2016; 11 (1): 30-4.
13. Moazeni M, Ansari-Lari M, Masoodfar M, Hosseinzadeh S, Mootabi Alavi A. Lethal effect of high temperatures on the eggs of Fasciola hepatica. Iran J Vet Res. 2010; 11 (2): 168-73.
14. Behrens AC, Nollen PM. Hatching of Echinostoma caproni miracidia from eggs derived from adults grown in hamsters and mice. Parasitol Res. 1993; 79 (1): 28-32. [DOI:10.1007/BF00931214]
15. Chryssafidis AL, Fu Y, De-Waal T, Mulcahy G. Standardisation of egg-viability assays for Fasciola hepatica and Calicophoron daubneyi: A tool for evaluating new technologies of parasite control. Vet Parasitol. 2015; 30 210 (1-2): 25-31. [DOI:10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.03.005]
16. Hussein ANA, Hassan IM, Khalifa RMA. Development and hatching mechanism of Fasciola eggs, light and scanning electron microscopic studies. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2010; 17 (3): 247-51. [DOI:10.1016/j.sjbs.2010.04.010]
17. Ashrafi K, Valero MA, Panova M, Periago MV, Massoud J, Mas-Coma S. Phenotypic analysis of adults of Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola gigantica and intermediate forms from the endemic region of Gilan, Iran. Parasitol Int. 2006; 55 (4): 249-60. [DOI:10.1016/j.parint.2006.06.003]
18. Rokni MB, Mirhendi H, Mizani A, Mohebali M, Sharbatkhori M, Kia EB, et al. Identification and differentiation of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica using a simple PCR-restriction enzyme method. Exp Parasitol. 2010; 124 (2): 209-13. [DOI:10.1016/j.exppara.2009.09.015]
19. Marques LT, Guedes RA, Rodrigues WD, Archanjo AB, Severi JA, Martins IVF. Chemical composition of various plant extracts and their in vitro efficacy in control of Fasciola hepatica eggs. Ciência Rural. 2020; 50 (5): e20190363. [DOI:10.1590/0103-8478cr20190363]
20. Lacey E. The role of the cytoskeletal protein, tubulin, in the mode of action and mechanism of drug resistance to benzimidazoles. Int J Parasitol. 1988; 18 (7): 885-936. [DOI:10.1016/0020-7519(88)90175-0]
21. Alvarez L, Moreno G, Moreno L, Ceballos L, Shaw L, Fairweather I, et al. Comparative assessment of albendazole and triclabendazole ovicidal activity on Fasciola hepatica eggs. Vet Par. 2009; 164 (2-4): 211-6. [DOI:10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.05.014]
22. Robles-Pérez D, Martínez-Pérez JM, Rojo-Vázquez FA, Martínez-Valladares M. Development of an egg hatch assay for the detection of anthelmintic resistance to albendazole in Fasciola hepatica isolated from sheep. Vet Parasitol. 2014; 203(1-2): 217-21. [DOI:10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.11.020]
23. Robles-Pérez D, Martínez-Pérez JM, Rojo-Vázquez FA, Martínez-Valladares M. Screening anthelmintic resistance to triclabendazole in Fasciola hepatica isolated from sheep by means of an egg hatch assay. BMC Vet Res. 2015; 11 (1): 226. [DOI:10.1186/s12917-015-0543-1]
24. Arafa WM, Shokeir KM, Khateib AM. Comparing an in vivo egg reduction test and in vitro egg hatching assay for different anthelmintics against Fasciola species, in cattle. Vet Parasitol. 2015; 214 (1-2): 152-8. [DOI:10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.09.023]
25. Al-jibouri M, Hassan R, Al-Mayah H. Ecological factors affecting on eggs development and life span of miracidia of Fasciola gigantica. KPHRS. 2010; 1 (1): 70-4.
26. Rowcliffe SA, Ollerenshaw CB. Observations on the bionomics of the egg of Fasciola hepatica. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1960; 54: 172-81. [DOI:10.1080/00034983.1960.11685973]
27. Rowan WB. The mode of hatching of the egg of Fasciola hepatica. Exp Parasitol. 1956; 5 (2): 118-37. [DOI:10.1016/0014-4894(56)90009-1]
28. Valero MA, Darce NA, Panova M, Mas-Coma S. Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic region. Vet Parasitol. 2001; 102 (1-2): 85-100. [DOI:10.1016/S0304-4017(01)00499-X]
29. Mendes EA, Lima WS, De-Malo AL. Development of Fasciola hepatica in Lymnaea columella infected with miracidia derived from cattle and marmoset infections. J Helminthol. 2008; 82 (1): 81-4. [DOI:10.1017/S0022149X07873585]
30. Behrens AC, Nollen PM. Hatching of Echinostoma caproni miracidia from eggs derived from adults grown in hamsters and mice. J Parasitol Res. 1993; 79 (1): 28-32. [DOI:10.1007/BF00931214]
31. Carmona1 C, Tort JF. Fasciolosis in South America: Epidemiology and control challenges. J Helminthol. 2017; 91 (2): 99-109. [DOI:10.1017/S0022149X16000560]
32. Hofmann AF, Hagey LR, Krasowski MD. Bile salts of vertebrates: structural variation and possible evolutionary significance. J Lipid Res. 2010; 51 (2): 226-46. [DOI:10.1194/jlr.R000042]
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |