Volume 6, Issue 2 And 3 (4-2018)                   JoMMID 2018, 6(2 And 3): 37-42 | Back to browse issues page

XML Print

Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Eftekhar F, Esmaeeli Torkanpoory N. Contribution of Contaminated Environmental Surfaces to the Transmission of Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Special Care Units of a Hospital in Tehran, Iran. JoMMID 2018; 6 (2 and 3) :37-42
URL: http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-176-en.html
Contribution of Contaminated Environmental Surfaces to the Transmission of Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Special Care Units of a Hospital in Tehran, Iran
Fereshteh Eftekhar * , Nasrin Esmaeeli Torkanpoory
Shahid Beheshti University
Abstract:   (5578 Views)
Introduction: Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the major causes of nosocomial infections. We investigated the distribution of A. baumannii among patients and the environment in special care units of a hospital in Tehran, Iran. Methods: Sixty-nine non-duplicate clinical and environmental samples were collected from ICU, Post-ICU, and CCU in EbneSina Hospital (Tehran, Iran) from June 2015 to April 2016. The isolates were identified using standard biochemical tests, and their identity was confirmed by detection of blaoxa51 gene. Susceptibility to 14 antibiotics was determined by disc the diffusion method, and genetic fingerprinting of the isolates was performed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR). Results: We recovered 66 A. baumannii isolates, 41 from patients, and 25 from the environment. All isolates from patients were resistant to all tested antibiotics except colistin. Environmental isolates were resistant to piperacillin (100%), tetracycline, piperacillin/tazobactam, beta-lactams and quinolones (86%), and amikacin (81%) but sensitive to colistin. The RAPD-PCR results revealed 35 clusters with 80% similarity. Despite the heterogeneity among the RAPD-PCR profiles, similar patterns were observed among 11 clusters comprising both clinical and environmental isolates. Conclusion: The results of this research suggest that the presence of A. baumannii on environmental surfaces could have played an essential role in the colonization of the hospitalized patients.
Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii, RAPD-PCR, MDR, ICU, environmental contamination.
Full-Text [PDF 436 kb]   (2645 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Original article | Subject: Infectious diseases and public health
Received: 2018/09/3 | Accepted: 2018/09/12 | Published: 2019/03/18
References
1. Peleg AY, Seifert H, Paterson DL. Acinetobacter baumannii: emergence of a successful pathogen. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2008; 21: 538-82. [DOI:10.1128/CMR.00058-07]
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Acinetobacter in healthcare settings [last reviewed: March 26, 2014; updated May 24, 2018. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/HAI/organisms/organisms.html
3. Dijkshoorn L, Nemec A, Seifert H. An increasing threat in hospitals: multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Nature Rev. 2007; 5: 939-51. [DOI:10.1038/nrmicro1789]
4. Thom KA, Johnson GK, Lee MS, Harris AD. Environmental contamination because of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii surrounding colonized or infected patients. Am J Infect Cont. 2011; 39: 711-5. [DOI:10.1016/j.ajic.2010.09.005]
5. Ho CM, Ho MW, Chi CY, Lin CD, Lin CW, Tseng SP, et al. Repeated colonization by multi-drug- resistant Acinetobacter calcoaceticus–A. baumannii complex and changes in antimicrobial susceptibilities in surgical intensive care units. Surg Infect. 2013; 14: 43-8. [DOI:10.1089/sur.2012.044]
6. Weber DJ, Rutala WA, Miller MB, Huslage K, Sickbert-Bennett E. Role of hospital surfaces in the transmission of emerging health care-associated pathogens: Norovirus, Clostridium difficile and Acinetobacter sp. Am J Infect Cont. 2010; 38: S25-33. [DOI:10.1016/j.ajic.2010.04.196]
7. Jawad A, Seifert H, Snelling AM, Heritage J, Hawkey PM. Survival of Acinetobacter baumannii on dry surfaces: comparison of outbreak and sporadic isolates. J Clin Microbiol. 1998: 1938-41.
8. Raro OHF, Gallo SW, Ferreira CAS, Oliveira SD. Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii contamination in an intensive care unit. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2017; 50: 167-72. [DOI:10.1590/0037-8682-0329-2016]
9. Royer S, Faria AL, Seki LM, Chagas TP, Campos PA, Batistão DW, et al. Spread of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa clones in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia in an adult intensive care unit at a university hospital. Braz J Infect Dis. 2015; 19: 350-7. [DOI:10.1016/j.bjid.2015.03.009]
10. Ying C, Li Y, Wang Y, Zheng B, Yang C. Investigation of the molecular epidemiology of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from patients and environmental contamination. J Antibiotics. 2015; 68: 562-7. [DOI:10.1038/ja.2015.30]
11. Thom KA, Howard T, Sembajwe S, Harris AD, Strassle P, Caffo BS, et al. Comparison of swab and sponge methodologies for identification of Acinetobacter baumannii from the hospital environment. J Clin Microbiol. 2012; 50: 2140-1. [DOI:10.1128/JCM.00448-12]
12. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. 27th informational supplement. M100-S17. CLSI document Wayne, PA. USA, 2017.
13. Zanganeh Z, Eftekhar F. Correlation of oxacillinase gene carriage with the genetic fingerprints of imipenem-resistant clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2015; 8: e26545. [DOI:10.5812/jjm.26545]
14. Grundmann H J, Towner K J, Dijkshoorn L, Gerner-Smidt P, Maher M, Seifert H, et al. Multicenter study using standardized protocols and reagents for evaluation of reproducibility of PCR-based fingerprinting of Acinetobacter sp J Clin Microbiol. 1997; 35: 3071-7.
15. Roberts SA, Findlay R, Lang SD. Investigation of an outbreak of multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in an intensive care burns unit. J Hosp Infect. 2001; 48: 228-32. [DOI:10.1053/jhin.2001.0985]
16. Hujer KM, Hujer AM, Hulten EA, Bajaksouzian S, Adams JM, Donskey CJ, et al. Analysis of antibiotic resistance genes in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter sp. isolates from military and civilian patients treated at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center. Antimicrob Agent Chemother. 2006; 50: 4114-23. [DOI:10.1128/AAC.00778-06]
17. Senok A, Garaween G, Raji A, Khubnani H, Kim Sing G, Shibl A. Genetic relatedness of clinical and environmental Acinetobacter baumanii isolates from an intensive care unit outbreak. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2015; 9: 665-9. [DOI:10.3855/jidc.6726]
18. Tajeddin E, Rashidan M, Razaghi M, Javadi SS, Sherafat SJ, Alebouyeh M, et al. The role of the intensive care unit environment and health-care workers in the transmission of bacteria associated with hospital-acquired infections. J Infect Pub Health. 2016; 9: 13-23. [DOI:10.1016/j.jiph.2015.05.010]
19. Mehraban M, Nateghi Rostami M, Douraghi M, Dolati M. Prevalence of environmental Gram-negative bacilli in the intensive care units of hospitals from the city of Qom. Infect Epidemiol Med. 2016; 2: 5-7. [DOI:10.18869/modares.iem.2.2.5]
20. Shamsizadeh Z, Nikaeen M, Nasr Esfahani B, Mirhoseini SM, Hatamzadeh M, Hassanzadeh A. Detection of antibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in various hospital environments: potential sources for transmission of Acinetobacter infections. Environ Health Prev Med. 2017; 22: 44. [DOI:10.1186/s12199-017-0653-4]
Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA
Send email to the article author

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.